Conjugation Table for the Italian Verb Partire (to Leave or Depart)

Project Management Interview Protocol. - 1650 Words

Part I - Project Management Interview Protocol Opening: I wanted to start this interview by thanking you Greg, for taking the time to meet with me today. I understand you are currently employed as a project manager, and since I am interested in this field of work, your willingness to help me understand more about project management is greatly appreciated. Personal Interpretations of Project Management: 1. How would you define project management? (Open-ended) 2. Why did you decided to become a project manager? (Open-ended) 3. What personal qualities do you feel are required to be an effective project manager? (Closed-ended) 4. From 1 – 10, how would you rate project management as a career? (Closed-ended) 5. What is the most stressful aspect of being a project manager? (Closed-ended) Technical Competences and Methodologies: 6. How do you go about allocating resources, scheduling and keeping your team updated on the status of a project? (Open-ended) 7. What technical competences are required of a project manager; for instance, educational requirements and certifications? (Closed-ended) 8. What is your approach to managing projects? (Open-ended) 9. What specific software applications do you use to manage projects? (Closed-ended) 10. Are you PMP (Project Management Professional) certified? (Closed-ended) Interpersonal Competencies Project Sponsorship: 11. How do you handle politics that arise during a project? (Open-ended) 12. Are you responsible for managingShow MoreRelatedEssay On Restoration Procedure1635 Words   |  7 PagesSimilar quality improvement project was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of a nurse-driven removal protocol on the incidence and duration of indwelling urinary catheter use as well as CAUTI rates in hospitalized adults at a 150-bed community hospital in the Mideastern United States (Mori, 2014). 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Essentials of Working Capital Management

Question: Discuss about the Essentials of Working Capital Management. Answer: Introduction The present report aims to provide advice to a client for investing in Woolworths Limited accountant at WCP Accountants Investment Advisers. For this purpose, the report provides a description regarding its core business, strategic priorities and issues emerging from its annual and corporate social responsibility report. In addition to this, the report analysed the financial position of the company by calculating its key financial ratios and an overall evaluation of the value creation by implementing six capital integrated report. At last, recommendation is provided for the purpose of investing in the company. Description of the core business of the company Woolworths Limited is an Australian company established in the year 1924, headquartered in Sydney. It is recognised as the largest supermarket chain of the country with operating about 961 stores across the country. The company employees about 111,000 people in its retail stores, distribution centres and support offices and provide the customers high-quality services in terms of value, range and convenience. The company emphasises on the production of best quality products for the customers by working in association with Australian growers and farmers. It procures 96% of fresh fruit and vegetables and 100% of fresh meat from the countrys farmers and growers. Woolworths is being categorised as Fresh Food People as it aims to provide its customers all naturally sourced fresh products (Woolworths Supermarkets, 2012). Woolworths is second largest company in Australia in terms of revenue and also in New Zealand. In addition to this, it is also believed to be largest liquor retailer in Australia. The main strategic objectives of the company are to provide high quality and lower price products to its customers. The core business of the company includes providing food, liquor, petrol, general merchandise, home improvements and hotels to the customers. The company emphasises on achieving the following four strategic objectives in present: Expand its leadership in food and liquor Maximise shareholder value Continue its past record of establishing new growth businesses Develop and maintain a new era of growth Woolworths aims to meet the changing needs and expectations of the customers by establishing a new phase of growth and opportunity. The company has firmly recognised that retailing sector is rapidly evolving and as such the company needs to create high value for the customers through identifying innovative ways of growth (Mc Arthur, 2013). Discussion on the companys progress against its strategic priorities The company has established its strategic objectives mentioned above three years ago and since then are continually making progress in attaining its identified strategic objectives. The company has initiated its More Savings Everyday program that has enabled it to reduce its prices by about 2.9% in order to meet its first strategic objective. Moreover, it has also launched direct from farmers initiative and fresh bakeries in order to deliver fresh and high quality products to the customers. These initiatives of the company have enhanced its market sales and revenue generation (Mc Arthur, 2013). Woolworths has also created its spate Shopping Centres Australasia Property Group in Australia Stock Exchange (ASX: SCP) that facilities it to acquires about $500 million capital that improved its business performance for meeting its second strategic objective. The company in order to meet its third strategic objective is strongly investing for establishing the various stores for Home Improvement and has also invested in enhancing its online sales through establishing its Ezibuy acquisition. The company has also invested in world class supply chain by establishing its distribution centre at Hoxton Park that aims to improve its services the Home Improvement and Big W divisions. It has also acquired 50% in a data company that allows it to acquire information about its customers habits (Mc Arthur, 2013). Discussion on significant issues emerging from the Chairmans Report The chairmans report on Woolworths has reflected that the company has made significant changes in its senior management team for effectively meeting the customers needs. The Chairman report reflected that after the retirement of its CEO in 2015, the company conducted a global CEO search for appointing its new chairman. Brad Banducci was appointed as Managing Director in 2015 through the help of global CEO search. Brad was then replaced as the managing director of Woolworths liquor group by Martin Smith. The company is also conducting its search process for appointing new executive directors to develop a competent senior management team. The chairman report reflected that financial year 2015 is recognised as a year of significant changes for the company. The company has undertaken new retail challenges and implemented new strategies such as expanding its lean retail model for meeting them appropriately. The main issue as discovered from the chairman report of the company is resigning of its many executive and non-executive directors by the end of the year 2015. The company has to develop a special recruitment plan for hiring and selecting the vacant positions in its senior management team for meeting its strategic objectives in the future direction (Chairmans Report, 2015). Discussion on significant issues emerging from the Managing Directors Report The managing directors report in companys performance reflects that Woolworths is striving to enhance is growth continually but its revenue generation has not been increased from the past year. This is a significant issue for the company that it needs to place focus for creating value for all its stakeholders. As reflected from the managing directors report. The company is emphasising on renewing its customer focus strategy for achieving customer satisfaction. For this purpose, the company is striving to provide best products to the customers at reduced prices. However, for attaining customer satisfaction the main challenge that exists before the company is to regain momentum in Australian supermarkets. The increase of competition in the retail sector has impacted the companys performance in last few years. The company need to re-invent its lean retail model for staying competitive in its external business environment. The companys sales have declined significant in the past few year s mainly driven by the reduction in fuel prices and its disappointing trading result in Australian Food and Liquor and General Merchandise (Annual Report, 2015). The company had divested its core business into owning petrol stations, pubs and hardware that has not gone well with its performance. The main reason for the decline in companys sales as predicted by analysts is its long-term strategy for investing in opening large number of retail stores around the country. The company has loosed its focus on its core business area such as fresh food by investing in large number of businesses. As a result, it has loosened its faith in customers responsible for its continually declining sales. Thus, the managing directors report has reported a decline in the companys profitability over the past few years that need to be improved by renewing its customer strategy. The company need to shift its focus again to its main core business that is providing fresh food products to the customers for e nhancing its sales and regain its market leadership in Australias retail sector (Grath, 2015). Discussion on significant issues emerging from the Corporate Responsibility Report Woolworths has launched its Sustainability Strategy eight years gap for ensuring the implementation and adoption of sustainable practices in its business operations. The strategy of the company focuses on improving its operational efficiency through minimising waste generation by responsible sourcing. However, as reflected from its corporate sustainability report that the company has still not achieved the ambition of generating zero food waste. The company largely focuses on achieving sustainability through minimising its carbon generation by 42% and implementing effective policies for ethical sourcing, timber, paper and animal welfare. The main challenge that is present before the company as analysed from its CSR report is to attaining zero waste generation by optimum utilisation of its resources. It still needs to improvise on its sustainability issues by developing further strategies for reducing waste generation. The company still needs to reduce its carbon footprint and waste g eneration to landfill for attaining sustainability (Corporate responsibility report, 2015). Key Financial Ratios of Woolworth Limited for year 2015 Financial ratios are the key indicators for the financial performance of the company. Ratios are considered important because they help to compare the financial performance of one year with another year within same company as well as with other company. In this segment key ratios related to Woolworth Limited will be evaluated and recommendations will be provided on whether to invest in the company or not. Liquidity ratios (All figures indicates below are in million dollars) Liquidity ratios are known as short term financial ratios and it tell about the company ability to pay debt obligations. It is calculated using ratios like current ratio, quick ratio etc. Current Ratio Current ratio tells the short term liability position of the company and it is the ratio of current assets to current liabilities (Sagner, 2010). Current ratio of year 2015: Current assets/current liabilities = (7661 / 9169) = 0.84 times On looking at the ratio it can be said that liability position of the Woolworth was not good in year 2015 as value of current asset is low from the liabilities that have to be paid in year 2015. Liquidity position can be good if company works out to manage the current liabilities through paying excessive amounts through reserves and start collecting account receivables more frequently. Quick Ratio Quick ratio is similar to current ratio but there is small difference that while estimating the quick assets inventory and prepaid expenses are excluded because both of these cant be converted into quick cash within a short period of time. Quick ratio is the ratio of quick assets to current liabilities (Walton, 2000). Quick Ratio: Quick Assets/Current Liabilities = 2488/9169 = 0.23 times Having looked at ratio it can be said that Woolworth ahs very low quick ratio as per the market conditions. Ideal quick ratio range between 0.90 and 1.10, and compared to it Woolworth liquidity position was not sound. Management in Woolworth have to rethink about the policies on liquidity position of the company. Profitability ratios Profitability ratios guide about the income capability of the company and it is used to assess the companys ability to generate the earnings as compared to expenses. Here two profitability ratios will be examined: Net profit ratio and Return on total assets (Fridson and Alvarez, 2011). Net profit ratio: Net profit ratio tells the profit earned by the company in the period of time (Drake and Fabozzi, 2012). Formula: Net profit / Net revenue = 2,146/60868 = 3.5 % Net profit ratio of Woolworth Limited in year 2015 was 3.5% and it is very low from the expectations. It can be said that companys major earnings goes in the cost of goods sold and other operating expenses. In order to increase the net profit margin company has to decrease the expenses through avoiding business where earnings are below and are at break even point. Return on total assets: This ratio tells profit earned using the assets of the company. Formula: Net earnings/ total assets = 2146/ 25337 = 8.5 % The net profit to total assets ratio of Woolworth is 8.5 % and it was not up to the mark as it expected in year 2015. It can be said that overall profitability position of the Woolworth was not good and management has to rethink on the business activities that were giving losses. Capital Efficiency Ratio Capital ratios tell the position of the company and how these capitals are used to generate the profits. Debt Equity Ratio: This ratio shows the amount of debt capital as against the equity capital. Equity capital reflects the amount of capital that is taken through issues shares in the market whereas debt capital refers to capital that is taken from the financial institutions. Formula: Debt/Equity = 5331/10834 = 0.49 Debt equity ratio of the company was good in year 2015 but it was noted that company was increasing debt capital in last 4 years to finance the activities. It shows that company was dependent on debt capital more as compared to equity capital (Bull, 2007). Equity to total assets ratio: This ratio shows amount of total assets financed from the equity liabilities or owners funds. Formula: Total Shareholders equity/ Totals Assets = 10,834/25,337 = 0.43 On looking at ratio it can be said that Woolworth Limited has financed 43 % of total assets from the shareholders equity and it reflects good capital structure of the company. Woolworth has to issue more equity shares in order increase the owners capital and decrease the debt capital. Evaluation of the companys value creation or diminution in terms of six capitals over time The best way to analyse the value creation of Woolworths is to examine its six capital such as financial, manufactured, intellectual, human, social and relationship, and natural. The financial capital of the company is not presently in a sound condition as it is not enhancing its equity capital but rather emphasising on the incorporation of debt in its capital structure. This is bound to increase the liabilities of the firm and also poses a potential threat for its long-term development with decline in its sales. The company has invested largely into manufacturing of various products such as home improvement, owning petrol stations and investing largely in its liquor operations besides its main manufacturing of food products. However, the company need to focus largely on its main business area for improving its sales. The company largely relies on its intellectual capital through implementing a private label brands on all its products. Human capital refers to the employment propositi on of the firm that is composed of skills and competent employees facilitating it to develop unique products. Social relationship capital of the company is developed on the basis of its good relations with customers, suppliers and business partners. At last is the natural capital that is developed by the company through sourcing naturally fresh fruits and vegetables for manufacturing its products (WOOLWORTHS HOLDINGS LIMITED 2015 INTEGRATED REPORT, 2015). Conclusion On the basis of investigation made in Woolworth Limited it is highly recommended to the clients that they must hold or buy the shares at this moment because market value of share is very low as compared to last few years and it is highly expected that it will rise in coming years. So, it is profitable for the clients to buy the shares at this moment and sell them at the right moment when there is increase in value of market share. Financial performance of the Woolworth was not string in year 2015 and management has to reframe the policies to figure out the non profitable activities so that more profits can be generated through investing in profitable business. References Annual Report. 2015. [Online]. Available at: https://www.woolworthslimited.com.au/icms_docs/182381_Annual_Report_2015.pdf [Accessed on: 12 September 2016]. Bull, R. 2007. Financial Ratios: How to use financial ratios to maximise value and success for your business'. Elsevier. Chairmans Report. 2015. [Online]. Available at: https://www.woolworthslimited.com.au/annualreport/2015/chairmans-report.html [Accessed on: 12 September 2016]. Corporate responsibility report. 2015. [Online]. Available at: https://woolworthslimited2015.csr-report.com.au/files/Woolworths_CSR_2015.pdf [Accessed on: 12 September 2016]. Drake, P. P. and Fabozzi, F. J. 2012. Analysis of Financial Statements. John Wiley Sons. Fridson, M. S. and Alvarez, F. 2011. Financial Statement Analysis: A Practitioner's Guide. John Wiley Sons. Grath, P. 2015. Woolworths axes 800 jobs as sales decline. [Online]. Available at: https://www.abc.net.au/worldtoday/content/2015/s4230529.htm [Accessed on: 12 September 2016]. Mc Arthur, T. 2013. Woolworths makes progress on its strategic priorities. [Online]. Available at: https://www.fool.com.au/2013/08/29/woolworths-makes-progress-on-its-strategic-priorities/ [Accessed on: 12 September 2016]. Sagner, J. 2010. Essentials of Working Capital Management. USA: John Wiley Sons. Walton, P. 2000. Financial Statement Analysis: An International Perspective. Cengage Learning EMEA. Woolworths Holdings Limited 2015 Integrated Report. 2015. [Online]. Available at: https://www.woolworthsholdings.co.za/investor/annual_reports/ar2015/whl_2015_integrated_report.pdf [Accessed on: 12 September 2016]. Woolworths Supermarkets. 2012. [Online]. Available at: https://www.woolworthslimited.com.au/page/Who_We_Are/Our_Brands/Supermarkets/Woolworths/ [Accessed on: 12 September 2016].

Social observation and analysis of Alcohol drinking

Introduction Social interaction forms are very important aspect of the human life. For a very long time, sociologists have been carrying out investigations to try and explain how the society functions. Some of their views are depicted in the theoretical perspectives which are used to guide sociologists in understanding the society and its members.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Social observation and analysis of Alcohol drinking specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This paper seeks to use the alcohol drinking experience as a mirror to view how the different theoretical perspectives are applied in the society. Thus the paper will analyze the social role played by alcohol drinking and the social significance of the places where the drinking takes place. This observational analysis will be benchmarked on the different sociology theories that have been accomplished in class. Alcohol drinking Alcohol drinking has been ha s been around for a very long time. To this date there are several types of alcoholic drinks available in many different societies. Different types of drinks have a different social meaning. The drinks are thus used to divide the society into social strata. The type of alcoholic drink that is taken by an individual can be linked to his/her values, norms, behavior and how he/she interacts with other people in the society. In some societies the choice of drink is a strong indicator of behavior. However, this description does not include to the situational drinking such as celebrations that might be characterized by one type of drink such as the champagne. Status indicator The type of alcohol beverage that is consumed by an individual can be used as a major indicator of his/her status in the society. In most societies, alcoholic beverages that are not produced locally have a higher social status. For instance, the polish population regards wine as a drink of high to middle class status . The beers and vodkas produced locally in that country or often considered as drinks of an ordinary person. It’s usual to see university students in Poland taking wine to reinforce their importance in the society. In France, as opposed to Poland, the drinking of wine is the order of the day and thus the young elite always turn to imported beers to show their higher status. However, in the cases of the young ‘elites’ been drinking does not actually reflect their status in the society, it is more of a reflection of what they aspire to be in the future. Furthermore, a particular drink such as wine may not be in itself the definer of the social status. As it has been observed there are different types of wine with different calibers. The type of wine caliber consumed by an individual defines his status in the high and mighty of the society.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Le arn More Affiliation and loyalty As it has been observed, the choice of drink may also be used to link an individual to a certain group or to predict his affiliation to an organization. Certain brand of alcohol are usually identified with certain groups, for instance, whisky is usually identified with the Scots, Guinness with the Irish and Tequila with the people of Mexico. Thus the in the social context, a drink can be a significant indicator of the nationality or a person’s loyalty and cultural background Gender differentiator In a rather sort of conflict perspective, the alcoholic beverages are not only used to differentiate between the aspirations, class, or status in the society. A more common social classification arises from the gender differentiation role played by alcoholic beverages. The function of alcohol as a differentiator between masculinity and feminine attributes is always seen even in the absence of other differentiating factors. This is often seen even in the countries or societies where there is only one type of alcoholic beverage. In such a case the drink to be consumed by the females is often made sweeter with a less alcohol content while the male take a strong bitter form of the same. In many societies drinking by females is considered as ‘not drinking’ by the males. Thus males always shun female brands as this may make them appear feminine. Drinking places In the second part of this paper we describe the role of the places where the alcoholic beverages are consumed. Most societies across the globe have distinct areas where alcohol is consumed. These places provide a dedicated surrounding that is often separated from the outside world. The drinking places are often defined with their separate customs, laws and values. It’s common for one person to be surprised by how a friend or colleague behaves while in a bar or night club. This is due to the fact that the values and norms that one adheres to while in the c lub environment are completely different from those of normal life. Social interaction function The social distinction role that is played by drinking places is in one way or another completely different from that of the outside world. People with diverse professional backgrounds in the society can be found mingling in the drinking places. As such the drinking provides an important avenue for social bonding and interaction between individuals who have no other place to meet. In most societies that practice communal drinking, alcohol is often considered as a leveler. Communal drinking provides a significant means of interaction between individuals of different status in the community or society. The drinking places therefore perform a more important function of challenging the established social order.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Social observation and analysis of Alcohol drinking specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn Mo re An observation made in societies that are ethnically diverse indicate that drinking places often provide norms that enable individuals to feel more equal than in other spheres of life. For instance, observation studies on the American people show that there is a higher chance of individuals from different races to interact in drinking places. In Los Angeles, Americans of Mexican decent and the Anglos usually mix freely in clubs and it’s common to see a dance partner being chosen from other races. Social bonding In the earlier observation of the social role played by alcohol it was identified that social bonding, besides social interaction is one of the most important functions of drinking. An important part of the drinking is the generalized feeling of relaxation that comes with it. Thus as it may not be clear but its true that the places where alcohol is taken are very important for bonding to take place between individuals of diverse backgrounds. Conclusion This paper sought to analyze the social role played by alcohol drinking and the social significance of the places where the drinking takes place. This observational analysis was to be benchmarked on the different sociology learning objectives. The paper has been able to reveal how alcohol drinking and the places where it is drunk from play an important role in the social lives of human beings. This essay on Social observation and analysis of Alcohol drinking was written and submitted by user Lucia R. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Euthanasia summary report essays

Euthanasia summary report essays The main focus on the following two summarized articles is the euthanasia issue. Two terminally ill men have been looked at with the focus on euthanasia, whether they should be allowed to die with dignity or suffer pain to a natural end. Mark Foster was diagnosed with Motor Neurone Disease in 1994. Motor Neurone Disease is a fatal degenerative condition that attacks the nervous system. Sufferers rarely survive more than five years after diagnosis. Mark who is a garden designer is a father of three and is married to Nathalie. His quality of life is poor. He cannot eat, he cannot move, he cannot talk. His lungs need regular suctioning to help him breathe. He is not in pain; he is alert and aware but is trapped in a body that barely functions. Mark Foster wants to live. His biggest battle has been with the medical profession who have, in his opinion, urged him to let his precious life slip away, to die with what they consider dignity. They have never suggested withholding treatment but have implied that it may be the best way for him and his family. At times, he has faltered. His terminal illness has terrified him, it has sapped his will to survive but he is determined that no one will take from him the lif e he has left. He states even if I only do the littlest thing with the children and teach them something each day, it was worth me being here. His story is one of inspiration but one that also frighteningly illustrates the subtle pressure that exists for the terminally ill to embrace euthanasia. In his darkest moments, it has not been his appalling illness that has made him contemplate letting his life go, it has been the medical professionals. Mark states that there was a time when he was going to give in to his doctors but now he says how dare they. Mark has a happy family home. Nathalie says people think that, even if they were half as ill as he is, they wo...

Prior Knowledge Improves Reading Comprehension

Prior Knowledge Improves Reading Comprehension Using prior knowledge is an important part of reading comprehension for children with dyslexia. Students relate the written word to their previous experiences to make reading more personal, helping them to both understand and remember what they have read. Some experts believe that activating prior knowledge is the most important aspect of the reading experience. What is Prior Knowledge? When we talk about prior or previous knowledge, we refer to all of the experiences readers have had throughout their lives, including information they have learned elsewhere. This knowledge is used to bring the written word to life and to make it more relevant in the readers mind. Just as our understanding about the subject can lead to further understanding, misconceptions that we accept also add to our understanding, or misunderstanding as we read. Teaching Prior Knowledge A number of teaching interventions can be implemented in the classroom to help students effectively activate prior knowledge when reading: preteaching vocabulary, providing background knowledge and creating opportunities and a framework for students to continue building background knowledge. Pre-teaching Vocabulary In another article, we discussed the challenge of teaching students with dyslexia new vocabulary words. These students may have a larger oral vocabulary than their reading vocabulary and they may have a difficult time both sounding out new words and recognizing these words when reading. It is often helpful for teachers to introduce and review new vocabulary before beginning new reading assignments. As students become more familiar with the vocabulary and continue to build their vocabulary skills, not only does their reading fluency increase but so does their reading comprehension. In addition, as students learn and understand new vocabulary word, and relate these words to their personal knowledge of a subject, they can invoke that same knowledge as they read. Learning the vocabulary, therefore, helps students to use their personal experiences to relate to stories and information they read. Providing Background Knowledge When teaching math, teachers accept that a student continues to build upon previous knowledge and without this knowledge, they will have a much more difficult time understanding new mathematical concepts. In other subjects, such as social studies, this concept is not readily discussed, however, it is just as important. In order for a student to understand written material, no matter what the subject, a certain level of prior knowledge is needed. When students are first introduced to a new topic, they will have some level of prior knowledge. They may have a great deal of knowledge, some knowledge or very little knowledge. Before providing background knowledge, teachers must measure the level of prior knowledge in a specific topic. This can be accomplished by: Asking questions, beginning with general questions and slowly increasing the specificity of questionsWrite statements on the board based on what students have shared about the topicHave students complete a worksheet, without grading, to determine knowledge Once a teacher has gathered information on how much the students know, she can plan lessons to students further background knowledge. For example, when beginning a lesson on the Aztecs, questions on prior knowledge might revolve around types of homes, food, geography, beliefs, and accomplishments. Based on the information the teacher gathers, she can create a lesson to fill in the blanks, showing slides or pictures of homes, describing what types of food were available, what major accomplishments the Aztecs had. Any new vocabulary words in the lesson should be introduced to the students. This information should be given as an overview and as a precursor to the actual lesson. Once the review is completed, students can read the lesson, bringing in the background knowledge to give them a greater understanding of what they have read. Creating Opportunities and a Framework for Students to Continue Building Background Knowledge Guided reviews and introductions to new material, such as the previous example of the teacher providing an overview, before reading are extremely helpful in providing students with background information. But students must learn to find this type of information on their own. Teachers can help by giving students specific strategies for increasing background knowledge about a new topic: Reading summaries and conclusions of chapters in a textbookReading the end-of-chapter questions before reading the chapterReading the headings and subheadingsFor books, reading the back of the book for information on what the book is aboutOlder students can review cliff notes before reading the bookSkimming the book, reading the first line of each paragraph or reading the first paragraph of each chapterSkimming for unfamiliar words and learning definitions before readingReading short articles on the same topic As students learn how to find background information on a previously unknown topic, their confidence in their ability to understand this information increases and they can use this new knowledge to build and learn about additional topics.References: Increasing Comprehension by Activating Prior Knowledge, 1991, William L. Christen, Thomas J. Murphy, ERIC Clearinghouse on Reading and Communication Skills Prereading Strategies, Date Unknown, Karla Porter, M.Ed. Weber State University The Use of Prior Knowledge in Reading, 2006, Jason Rosenblatt, New York University

Paper two Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Paper two - Essay Example The US and indeed the whole world currently experiences high unemployment rates due to increased population and unavailability of job opportunities. This causes humans to inadequately meet their basic needs and consequently leads to poverty. Poverty refers to a condition in which basic human needs including food, clothing and shelter fail to be met. A majority of countries would have poverty being exhibited through low life expectancy, poor nutrition and high infant mortality among other factors. Poverty results from unavailability of resources and humans being unable to achieve economic development. Socially, discriminating other people based on their culture, race, gender or inabilities has also been a major socioeconomic issue. Racism and sexism would be observed in a majority of the countries particularly due to the increased globalization. This causes the minority groups to be disadvantaged and miss on the opportunities presented to the majority. Globalization has further caused a shift in social morality with major morality conflicts resulting due to abortion, prostitution and drug abuse among others. But the belief that Christians have on Jesus plays a critical role in confronting these socioeconomic problems. Christians’ Belief on Jesus Christians believe Jesus as being full of compassion towards all humankind due to His caring nature. The reason people go to church and follow Christian principles has been noted to be majorly finding care and compassion, a position that has seen Christians considered as caring and compassionate people. Jesus shows compassion to the Church with the ultimate indication of His compassion being the sacrifice of shedding His blood for the cleansing of the Church. In spite of a few times when Jesus got angry like the day He turned tables over in the temple, He largely showed compassion to all humans without regard to their situations or nature. As such, Christians being His followers have the obligation to lead a life of compassion to the society at large. How Christians’ Belief about Jesus Helps Confront Socioeconomic Problems Compassion cares for the temporal needs of people. The story of Jesus feeding a multitude with just a few fish and loaves of bread indicates the need for compassion as a way to support people in need. The problem that the people had then was lack of food. As such, Jesus found a temporal solution to the temporal need and He fed them using the fish and bread from the young shepherd boy. In the same manner, a majority of the reasons causing socioeconomic issues in the society could be attributed to humans’ temporal needs. Lack of human basic needs drive people engaging in socially immoral acts such as prostitution. Additionally, drug abuse could be a direct result of unemployment and idleness. If Christians adopt a compassionate attitude as was with Jesus, such persons would have people share with them food and clothing and probably even shelter. Christians woul d take it upon themselves to ensure that such persons secure employment so that they earn a decent living just like other average human beings. Therefore, compassion from Christians would have the needy have their temporal needs catered for. Compassion cares for the oppressed. It has been appreciated that discrimination plays a significant role in propagating socioeconomic problems in the society. Notably, racism, sexism, class discrimination and nepotism have been said to cause the occurrence of several crimes in the society. But with

Financial Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 7

Financial Management - Essay Example If the current ratio is below 1, the company is said to be unable to meet its liabilities. In the M. D. Ryngaert & Co, the profitability may have contributed to the increase in the current ration and making the turnover ratio to remain constant. The profits got from the daily operations in the company are used to expand the operations thereby leading to the changes in the current ratio. This includes the gross and the net profit after the daily expenses are deducted from the revenues got. The gross profit is used to determine the margins the company is getting. In the same way, it can be a measure of the efficiency of the company in carrying out its operations (Milkovinch, 2010). On the other hand the net profitability depends on the daily expenses in the company. The higher the expenses the lower the net profit and this will affect the company’s running. This may result to the company selling some of its current assets in order to meet the liabilities. Many scholars have advanced in the analyzing on the reasons that would lead to an increase in the current ratio while the turnover ratio remains constant. The major explanation given to this would be the improved liquidity in the company. According to Thomas (2003), liquidity is the capital already available in a firm. In a deeper explanation, a company’s liquidity is the amount of cash or capita which is available for use or spending. In the M.D Ryngaert & Co. the rise in the current ratio while the turnover ratio remains constant can be attributed to several reasons. The company may have seen an improvement in the liquidity due to some reasons. In the M. D. Ryngaert & Co, the external cash flow may have been directed to acquiring new products or the getting more employees. All this may have contributed to the rising of the increased current ratio while the turnover ratio remained constant. In cases where the current ratio of a company falls below 1, the company is unable to meet its

The conditions of the factories Essay Example for Free

The conditions of the factories Essay I am writing to you in concern of the conditions of the factories. I have interviewed a male and female worker and an Orphanage Director. An Owner And an overseer have also been spoken to about they way things are being run in the mill factory. Its been long enough and the factories need to be changed now. The working hours are extremely long and the workers hardly get any sleep. I am surprised that none of the factory owners have changed this because it is in their interest why they should be changed. If the workers have less hours working and more hours for sleep, rest and eating, the workers will perform better and the factory will produce a lot more products. From my sources I have found out that all the workers get up and work at three am and end at nine to ten pm. Thats over eighteen hours a day. Whats worse is they only get five hours of sleep. If you reduced the working hours and added more time for sleeping, the tasks would be completed with more speed. The wages for the workers are unreasonably low. From what I have heard the adults are given fifteen pence a week, and children earn five a week. This needs to be changed quickly so that the children can feed themselves and the rest of their family if they need to. The workers also need enough money to buy new clothes and a bit extra for there own choice. The children get paid in tokens to spend in the factory shop. This is a good thing to have so the children dont spend the wages on other things then the essential food and water. But the children need to have money in cash so they can buy clothes and other things they may need to keep healthy. At the moment the children are cheap labour for the factory. I have noticed when I have visited some of the factories that there are some very young people working there. I have heard from some workers that there children as young as four years old working there. The overseer said there was only allowed to be over thirteens working. But thats not true. The owner of the Orphanage who is selling the children to the factory also claims she is only selling over thirteens. Thats not correct either. Whats disturbing is that the Orphanage Director spends an alarming amount of her profit on alcohol. I recommend that children should have to be 14 or over to work in the factories all over England. The employees need a nutritional and healthy diet to stay alive. But the foods the factories are serving in the extremely short lunch breaks seem to be very unhealthy. This has to be altered in order for the workers ability to be improved. The workers need to be able to use the lavatory when they need to. A young employee I interviewed said that the factory is hot, damp and it smells atrocious. It smells bad because the owner does not let the workers use the toilet often. Another worker told me that there were people watching so they did not fall asleep or he would strike them with his belt. The child workers have to crawl under the machines and fix them because they are smaller than the adults who work there. One child told me that they dont switch off the machines when the children crawl under and that they have no guards protecting them. That is outrageous. If the factory doesnt want to keep buying more employees they wont want to kill there workers buy not adding a simple guard. Another factory inspector told me what he saw was happening to a young girl, She was caught up by her apron, which wrapped around the shaft. She was whirled round and repeatedly forced between the shaft and the carding engine. (Her right leg was found some distance away). There are some good things about the factories like children given tokens to spend on nothing but food and some factory owners and industrialists subsidize housing and some even help financially with schooling. The factories need to be changed in some very simple ways which will help by aiding the performance of a worker like less labour hours and more lunch and sleeping hours and food needs to become more healthy with nutritional ingredients. The factories at the moment have terribly bad working conditions with no fresh air witch can easily be ventilated with out ruining the cotton. There are many ways in which we can help the factories become a healthier and a more enjoyable place to work. I very much hope that you will help to improve these factories from this letter I have wrote you will change the bad things happening.

the role change of Japans culture :: essays research papers

The Role Change of Japan’s Culture My experiences in Japan have been surreal in that the cultural behaviors are nearly an exact opposite to those with which I had grown up. The order of daily life is solely dependent on the roles and duties of each individual. When people begin to go against the regular flow of the excepted norms, great controversy is created. Japanese culture patterns follow a specific code that is rarely altered. When they are disturbed, there is panic caused by the insecurities of change. The identity of Japanese culture is collectivism. Japan's culture is dependent on the community of the people. The Japanese do not strive for individual success, but rather for group accomplishment. It is better for the group as a whole to be healthy than for one person to achieve higher status. The Japanese do not believe in leaving one person behind, they would rather slow the entire group down until that person can catch up. In addition, the person who is slowing the group down will feel shame because he has hurt his "family". For example, I volunteered in a Kindergarten in Shinagawa the last four months, and one day there was a little boy who was moving his chair into the group much more slowly than the other students. The other students sat quietly watching him. When he finally put his chair down and the teacher was ready to begin, the student did not have his materials ready and had to go back to the closet to get things. The teacher became agitated and went afte r the boy. She pointed to the clock and spoke to him sternly. Then she looked at the students and held him so they could all look at him as she reprimanded him. The child did not scream or cry for his mother as I expected. Instead he looked down as tears flowed down his cheeks. The other students went back to looking at the teacher’s chair and she returned and did the lesson without the boy. The boy continued to stand still until the group finished and then he rejoined them. I had seen the students hitting each other and misbehaving many times, but I never saw a student get punished by a teacher until this day. This boy, at four years old, was feeling Haji (shame). He had hurt the group by cutting their time short.

College degree

Therefore, a university degree is not always the only way to become successful in life; in fact, a lot of people without one have achieved their goals through hard work and sacrifice, a stroke of luck, and a college degree does not reflect the real knowledge of a person Success in business or in life, does not always depend on a university degree that someone can get; in fact, If people work hard and make a lot of sacrifices can be successful without one. A degree it is not necessary to start a company from scratch, and If people work hard, they will achieve their goal.For example, most of the famous fast food restaurants, started from little restaurants managed by people who barely finished school. Also people with a clever and Orlando Idea can be really talented even if they never finished university. For instance, Bill Gates, the owner of Microsoft, and the world's wealthiest person, did not finish his studies at Harvard university, because he decided to work in his projects on co mputer sciences and software development. Finally, another key to success is to never give up and continue working spite the problems and this is a virtue that is not learned in college.In particular, when Apple was almost bankrupt they continued working, and now this is one of the biggest companies around the world and is worth millions of dollars. For these reasons, if a person works hard, he/she can achieve his/her goals without a university degree. Life Is not Just studying and working for long hours, be devoted to the Job or as people say a workaholic, are not the only options: indeed, sometimes it is necessary something else, and a stroke of luck is another way to success if a person does not eave a degree.It is really common that people have a special skill, but maybe they do not know about it, and with just a stroke of luck they can discover it. Most of the time they discover it accidentally, and this changes their lives. Therefore, some sportsmen never imagined how good the y were until they started practicing that sport; and that is how they became recognized and a lot of them did not have to study to achieve this. Secondly, people can inherit a lot of money and property, and they will not have to make too much effort In life, or spend long years at university to make their reams come true.In particular, most bankers around the world inherited all their fortune from their females and continued In the business without setting foot In college. Something very similar Is when a person wins the lottery, and does not need to study in order to progress in life. In brief, success in life is not always related to paper that a person receives when he/she graduates does not always reflect the real knowledge of that person, and is not the only key to achieve goals in life.In university there are many subjects and courses about a lot of topics related with the profession, UT there is not subject that teaches student how to apply that knowledge in real life, so all those years in the university are not a guaranty of success. In fact, most professionals have a lot of problems in the first years after graduation, even some of them will never be able to apply all the things they learned. In addition, a university degree does not mean that this person leaned all that he/she needs when they become professionals and those things can be learn outside the university or Just with experience.For example, someone may have a degree but it could have been oaten illegally or without attending to many subjects, so they will not have all the necessary knowledge. Finally, a lot of people are born with skills and facilities for business and administration, and they do not need to attend college. In contrast, some people may have a masters degree or even a PhD but without the ability to manage a company. In summary, a university degree is not a security that people have the capacity to successful in life. In conclusion, success in life does not depended on a un iversity degree.People who ark hard and strive a lot can achieve their goal even if they never got a degree. Moreover, a lot of people have become successful Just because they have a stroke of luck, and for this they did not need to attend college or study a career. Finally, attending to a university does not mean that the person will be completely qualified and able to develop professionally, so that degree is not a guaranty that this person will successful. Therefore, people can be successful in life and able to achieve their goal without getting a university degree.

Strategic Analysis of ALDI Essay

1. Introduction Albrecht Discount Inc., globally known as Aldi, is a German based family owned global discount chain of supermarkets. Aldi constitutes of two independent groups, that are Aldi Nord (North) and Aldi Sud (South) legally and economically independent but family related (Aldi Sud Business, 2013). It is the market leader in the industry of international grocery retailing and owns and operates chain of discount grocery stores in Europe, Australia and United States. It’s stores retail and supply general merchandise and food including meat products, fresh meat, frozen and refrigerated foods,  sweets and snacks, dairy and bakery products, beverages and pantry items in addition to home care and personal care products (Report Linker, 2013). In the present Aldi Inc.’s strategic analysis is carried out to identify and evaluate its strategies against its business environment to critically analyze whether the strategies pursued by Aldi are effective in maintaining its market leader position or not. In doing so environmental analysis of international grocery retailing industry is carried out to bring about the opportunities and threats the industry is facing and SWOT analysis is carried out to shed light on Aldi’s strengths and weaknesses and opportunities and threats the industry is facing on the whole. Aldi’s strategies are then evaluated against the SWOT to analyze the effectiveness of its strategies in maintaining its market position. 2. Brief Background on Aldi Aldi Inc., was founded by Karl Albrecht and Theo Albrecht in 1913 in Essen and started trading in bakery products, later in 1914 Karl Albrecht’s wife Anna Albrecht opened the first grocery store. In 1919 they acquired a commercial and residential building in Essen and enlarge the grocery store. 1945 the brothers took over the family business and opened more stores and by the end of 1948 they were four Albrecht stores. In 1954 Albrecht expanded further more and opened its stores outside Essen and branch enlargement took place with 77 stores with core business as food self service. In 1961 two legally separate groups were established known as Aldi Sud and Aldi Nord yet the family remained connected. 1962 first ALDI – Albrecht Discount branched was opened in the discount principle and entire branch network was changed into ALDI format. Gradually internationalized its business by first entering in Austria with acquisition of Hofer retail chain, then further expanded in Germany, entered in the United States, UK, Ireland, Australia, Switzerland, Slovenia and Hungary, in that order (Aldi Sud Facts and Figures, 2013). Aldi Group is active in nine European countries and in European market is one of the leading retail companies and a well known retail chain all over the world. Aldi Sud is into retail food trade and comprises of 31 companies located in Southern and Western Germany and Aldi Nord operates its own branch network of 2500 outlets in the northern and eastern Germany (Aldi Sud  Business, 2013; Aldi Nord, 2013). Aldi Group has more than 10000 stores worldwide with annual turnover of 75bn yet its core market is Germany (Fitzgerald, 2013). Aldi stores are known for their efficiency, no frills stores, low levels of staff, few big brand names and modest opening hours (Fitzgerald, 2013). Their main core competency is cut price through cost cutting, selling cheap and low quality products(Grocery.com, 2013) and its mission is â€Å"simply smarter shopping† (Aldi US, 2013). Aldi’s big rivals include TESCO, Morrison’s, Sainsbury, Asda, Carrefour and Lidl (Sky News, 2013; Butler and Bowers, 2013). The Albrecht’s has expanded into new territories but remains a closely guarded company and never disclose its profit margins citing commercial sensitivity and do not share much information with other branches managers (Fitzgerald, 2013). Aldi has to triple its staff and check outs to cater to the extra one million customers coming to its 500 stores in UK. The firm shunned premium big brands for its cut price own versions of premium ranges to attract new customers looking for cheaper products (Steiner, 2013). The retail market is seeing intense competition and big retail supermarkets are losing market share to discount stores and up market grocers such as Aldi all over Europe and other international markets. 3. Market Identification of Aldi It is an intensely family owned private company. Both Aldi Sud and Aldi Nord operate in retail markets however Aldi Nord mainly in Europe whereas Aldi Sud operates in the United States and Australia among other international locations. It has Aldi stores are located in Germany, Austria, Australia, Denmark, France, Belgium, Greece, Ireland, Hungary, Netherlands, Luxemburg, Poland, Slovenia, Portugal, Spain, Switzerland, United states operating in 36 states and United Kingdom (Grocer.com, 2013). Its customers are mainly ‘do it yourself’ shoppers and bargain hunters (Grocer.com, 2013). Aldi in 2013 has outshined its biggest rivals in UK with doubling in annual profits and sales increase of 40.6% being a cut price grocer and holds 3.7% of market share in UK (Steiner, 2013; Sky news, 2013). It earned profit of 157.9 million in 2012 from 70.5 million in 2011 and sales increased from 2.7 billion in 2011 to 3.8 billion in 2012. It opened 34 new stores that were crucial in its strong performance in 2012 (Steiner, 2013). Aldi Ireland revenues increased by 30.7% in 2012 outstripping its German rival Lidl,  opened 3 more stores, in addition to 40 stores in Ireland that are being refurbished or extended. Together Lidl and Aldi control 12.5% of Irish grocery market (Fitzgerald, 2013). Aldi United states’ annual revenue is $68,700 million (U.S) with 1400 stores in 36 states employing 11,000 employees (Grocer.com. 2013). Aldi SUD in Germany consists of 31 independent companies, with more than 1820 branches, employing more than 33,600 employees (Aldi Facts and Figures, 2013). Aldi Nord operates in Eastern, Western and Northern Germany with around 2500 outlets (Aldi Nord, 2013) 4. Environmental Analysis International grocery retailing industry is facing intense competition and become a real battleground, retailing giants are offering plenty of price discounts to attract customers, that is seriously impacting their suppliers and pressure to regulate the sector is growing (Fitzgerald, 2013). The following section analyzes in detail the opportunities and threats the retail grocery industry is facing through PESTEL Analysis. 4.1 PESTEL Analysis 4.1.1 Political factors Legislators of European countries are being pressurized to regulate the retail market because intense competition and price cut is negatively impacting the manufacturers and suppliers (Fitzgerald, 2013). Retail companies are being accused of paying the lowest price to their suppliers, which is harming their business seriously, and are on the brink of collapse. Political campaigns are being carried out and interest groups are asking customers not to buy products their because of that (Osborne, 2012). 4.1.2 Economical factors Economic slowdown in developed countries and Euro zone crises has affected the industry greatly as customers with less income to dispense are forced to shop for cheaper and retailers owned goods swallowing their brand and switching from expensive brands. High flying retail giants are feeling the pinch as there was considerable drop in their sales and profits and more and more customers are switching to discount stores and up market grocers  (Butler and Bowers, 2013). Cash strapped households due to shrinking in their budgets as a result of high inflation that is not proportional to wage rises are flocking to discount stores (Sky News, 2013). The below graph shows consumer retail expenditure five year growth rate of UK (Verdict, 2009). Figure 1: Total consumer retail expenditure of UK- five year growth rate (Verdict, 2009) Burgeoning population, rise in immigration, developed nations beginning to emerge from recession and economic recoveries, falling in unemployment rates, urbanization leading to renewal of growth in retail industry. Disposable income, GDP and consumer spending are the macroeconomic factors that affect retail industry directly (Reuters, 2012). Asia pacific is dominating the industry as it driving the increase in global retail trade, representing 35% of the global retail market and will grow highest among all other regions between 2012 and 2017 (Reuters, 2013). 4.1.3 Social and cultural factors Consumers are becoming more and more socially responsible and considering increasingly the social impact of their purchases and supporting mainly those retailers who are also socially responsible and assert sustainable practices. Consumers are avoiding retailers who they think are irresponsible, encourage sweat shops, exploit suppliers, and outsource manufacturing and carryout unethical practices. Consumer preferences are changing more rapidly than ever before and retailers are struggling to cope up with their changing preferences. Economic recession is giving rise to generational differences, as whole generation experiencing recession are using money more cautiously and less credit cards (Mack, 2013). 4.1.4 Technology factors Technology is changing the way consumers shop retail products and the way retail businesses operate in bad and good ways. Online retail shopping has increased in manifolds along with creating more awareness among consumers, leading to price comparisons to find the best deal across the world. It is presenting both opportunity and threat as technology is helping in boosting retail stores performance but also forcing them to adapt to new changes  brought forward by technology or else give way to competitors who are doing so (Mock, 2013). Technological growth such as mobile commerce has provided opportunity for retailers to better interact with customers and give them more convenience and better service (Reuters, 2013). RFD Radio Frequency Identification Device has facilitated end to end tracking of ingredients and better stock control through business intelligence tools (PWC, 2013). 4.1.5 Environmental Factors Retail chains are being pressurized to be more socially responsible and adopt sustainable practices as their low price strategies are affecting the suppliers and the environment as a whole. Retailers are also accused of harming the environment as they are blamed for increased consumption of food products and causing global food insecurity and also for increased used of harmful plastic material for packaging. They are also accused of indulging in unethical practices to drive the products prices down and not caring for the environment (UNEP, 2003). To minimize this negative trend retail chains have to sustainable materials for packaging and carrying and in turn putting that costs on consumers (Osborne, 2012). 4.1.6 Legal factors Tax issues such as VAT, excise duties, environmental and property taxes, HR taxes, cross border transactions tax issues, corporation taxes and compliance with laws and legislations and increasing costs of corporate social responsibility are presenting challenges to retail industry and increasing their cost of operations. Accounting regulations like adopting of IFRS and passing of Sarbanes Oxley legislation on demand of stakeholders heightened the regulatory pressures on the retail and consumer industry (PWC, 2013). 4.2 Key Trends affecting the industry Consumers are switching from up market retail chains to low price retail chains (Butler and Bowers, 2013). Price inflation of retail products putting more pressure on retailers to decrease its impact on customers and cut down on profit margins (Butler and Bowers, 2013). E commerce and M commerce are increasing leading to increase in online retail (Mack, 2013) Customers are more aware and comparing prices online to gain best deal (Mack, 2013) Burgeoning population, urbanization, economic recovery are renewing growth  in retail sector (Reuters, 2013). Consumers preferences are changing more rapidly than before (Mack, 2013) Consumers are seeking more convenience and using other mode of payments like credit card, debit card etc. (Osborne, 2012; Mack, 2013), New consuming habits such as value shopping in FMCG products and clothing, luxury shopping in furniture and technology (PWC, 2013). Trends towards retailers being more socially responsible and sustainable retailing (PWC, 2013). Consumers supporting local suppliers and against outsourcing (Fitzgerald, 2013) Customer polarization that is have are shopping in up market stores, have not shopping more in low price stores, driving the growth of the industry (Sky News, 2013). Global retail trade growth is driven by Asia Pacific markets and will see highest growth rate. 5. SWOT Analysis 5.1 Strengths Highly efficient stores, staff levels are kept low, operates with only few big brand names and opening hours are fairly modest (Fitzgerald, 2013). High brand value and large extended network of branches covering major developed markets in the world. Continuous expansion in new markets to cater to increased footfall of customers. Basic packaging and limited advertising to keep costs low. Cost advantage derived from economies of scale (Fitzgerald, 2013) Own cheap luxury brands giving stiff competition to expensive luxury brands (Fitzgerald, 2013) Increase in sales mainly coming from new stores (Butler and Bowers, 2013) Discount pricing are impressively cheaper attracting shoppers away from bigger retail giants such as Tesco, Sainsbury Cherry pick bargains offered by Aldi increasing the number of shoppers (Butler and Bowers, 2013) Robust growth over the years (Fitzgerald, 2013) Good for buying staples (Ferruza, 2011) 5.2 Weaknesses In England Aldi does not accept payments through credit card restricting customers who want to pay through credit cards (Osborne, 2012) Charges  customers for a carrier bag (Osborne, 2012)  Low staff levels not able to handle increased customer footfall Reputation damaged because of recent horsemeat scandal and employee spying accusations (Snoops, 2013; Stuart, 2013; The Guardian, 2013). Serious limitation of product selection only 2800 products varieties are offered while other supermarket offer 30000 and shopping cart has to be rented for a quarter, (returned later after cart is kept back) (Grocery.com; Ferruza, 2013) Less glamorous store , interior ambience of stores is not so great, stores are like warehouses, does not decorate shelves, spends very less in packaging, stocking and transportation (Grocery.com, 2013) Stocks low quality products (Ferruzza, 2011). Less glamorous stores, ambience not attractive in stores, it’s like warehouse style store, no frills Stocks low quality products Limited product selection Low level of staff Charges for carrier bags and shopping carts Does not accept payment through credit cards Reputation damaged due to horse meat scandal and employee spying Sells mostly own brands label and limits the number of outside brands Very low advertising and store promotion and only in-house advertising Opportunities Economic recovery in development markets, burgeoning population, urbanization renewing growth Technology such as m-commerce and e-commerce increasing sales Customer polarization increasing discount retailers sale Economic slowdown in the past, inflation and high unemployment rate forcing customers to buy cheaper products Global retail trade growth is high in Asia pacific region and driving the market Price inflation moving customers to discount stores Threats Customers inclination towards sustainability, corporate social responsibility and preference to local suppliers threatening the cost efficiency of discount stores Taxation, and heightened regulations Technology creating operational complexities Consumer changing consuming habits and preferences threatening the industry 6. Identification and evaluation of the Strategies pursued by Aldi Aldi’s competitive strategy is to gain competitive advantage over its rivals through efficiency. Its competitive strategy is low cost leadership that it derives from economies of scale, cost efficiency, low staff level, low quality products, limited product selection and high bargaining power with suppliers (Fitzgerald, 2013; Butler and Bowers, 2013; Steiner, 2013). Its strategy to achieve its mission of simple smarter shopping it has implemented the following strategies in view of its changing business environment. 6.1 Strategies implemented by ALDI Constant rolling out new stores with increased size between 10,000 and 15,000 sq.ft in all countries it is operating (Fitzgerald, 2013). Backward vertical integration, producing cheaper luxury products to attract consumers who are  switching from expensive luxury brands (Grocery.com; Fitzgerald, 2013). Renovation and expansion of existing stores (Fitzgerald, 2013). Started using advertising campaigns to attract more up-market customers to promote its own luxury brand labels deviating from its past strategies (Butler and Bowers, 2013). Increased checkout points and staff level in its store to cater to extra one million customers coming to its stores all over Europe (Steiner, 2013). Delivering high value to customers who are looking for cheaper deals through efficiency in transportation, presentation and packaging (Steiner, 2013). Online sales and apps for attracting internet savvy consumer and engaging customers through social networks (Aldi App, 2013). Sustainable sourcing and reducing environmental impact through recycling and minimum packaging (Aldi Nord, 2013). 6.2 Critical Evaluation of the Strategies In view of Aldi Inc.’s SWOT and the strategies it has implemented it can be said that Aldi’s strategies are in sync with its changing business environment and taking advantage of its strengths and minimizing its weaknesses. By expanding its store sizes, renovating and redecorating its existing stores and opening new stores of bigger sizes it has tried to minimize its weakness of less glamorous warehouse type store. And by opening more stores consistently over the years it is taking advantage of burgeoning population that is resulting in increase of customer footfall (Fitzgerald, 2013). It has also taken care of its weakness of low staff level and increased staff level and checkouts to cater to increased customer footfall (Steiner, 2013). It has started rolling out advertising campaigns for promotions to attract luxury customers and elevated its market positioning by retailing luxury products and changing its reputation of a retailer of low quality products (Butler and B owers, 2013). Aldi is gradually moving from discount store principle to convenient store principle, opening stores in affluent locations, offering luxury products, delivering both value and quality to broaden its consumer base (Skynews, 2013). Through vertical backward integration it has taken advantage of the opportunity presented by the consumer shifting from expensive luxury products to comparatively cheaper luxury products by producing its own luxury label offering them at less price. Broaden its customer base by opening stores in affluent  locations and changing its positioning from a discount store to a convenient store, this is to take advantage of opportunity presented by economic recoveries of developed countries. It has sustained its cost efficiency competitive advantage by lessening costs on packaging, transportation and offering cherry deals. Aldi apps facilitate m-commerce, and it also sells online and interacts with customers using social networks, thus it is taking advantage of op portunities presented by digital media technology. It has minimized threat presented by environmental factors by adopting recycling and has become more socially responsible by adopting sustainable practices for sourcing to minimize the threat presented by customers inclination towards sustainability. However Aldi has not fully taken advantages of other opportunities such as taking advantage of growing Asia Pacific market, it is operating only in Australia and has not yet entered Asian countries where high growth is expected and many governments have opened foreign direct investment in retailing. Price inflation of products and heightened laws and regulations will threaten its cost leadership strategy and in future might increase its operational costs and it may not be able to sustain its competitive strategy for long however it has not taken any measures to address these threats. Increasing staff level will increase its labor costs adding to its operational costs further. 7. Conclusion Aldi Inc. is evolving and implementing strategies to take advantage of opportunities and thwart threats presented by its environment by exploiting its strengths and reducing or eliminating its weaknesses. It has resulted in success as Aldi has experienced great success in 2013 with increased profit and sales compared to other supermarket chains however it may not be able to sustain its competitive advantage for long because prices and costs are increasing and profit margins are decreasing with retail market being saturated in developed countries, it has to expand its operations into new markets for sustaining growth and maintaining market leader position. 8. References Aldi App, (2013), Smart Phone, Aldi App, Aldi Us, Available at https://www.aldi.us/en/services/smartphone-app/, Accessed 25 November, 2013. Aldi Nord, (2013), â€Å"Business†, Aldi Nord, Available at http://www.aldi-nord.de/unternehmen.html, Accessed 28 November, 2013. Aldi Sud Business, (2013), â€Å"Aldi Sud Business†, Aldi Sud, Available at https://unternehmen.aldi-sued.de/de/ueber-aldi-sued/unternehmen/, Accessed 24 November, 2013. Aldi Sud Facts and Figures (2013), â€Å"Aldi Sud Fact and Figures†, Aldi Sud, Available at https://unternehmen.aldi-sued.de/de/ueber-aldi-sued/unternehmen/daten-und-fakten/, Accessed 21 November, 2013. Aldi US, (2013), â€Å"Aldi US Corporate†, Aldi Us, Available at https://corporate.aldi.us/, Accessed 27 November, 2013. Butler, S., and Bowers, S., (2013), â€Å"Britain’s big supermarkets lose ground to cut price rivals and up market grocers†, The Guardian, Available at http://www.theguardian.com/business/2013/nov/19/britain-supermarkets-market-share-fall-tesco-sainsburys -lidl, Accessed 22 November, 2013. Ferruzza, C., (2011), â€Å"Forget Trader Joe’s let’s hear it for Aldi†, Pitch, Available at http://www.pitch.com/FastPitch/archives/2011/07/18/forget-trader-joes-lets-hear-it-for-aldi, Accessed 19 November 2013. Fitzgerald, K., (2013), â€Å"Germany the history of Aldi Supermarkets†, Meat Trade News Daily, Available at http://www.meattradenewsdaily.co.uk/news/300413/germany___the_history_of_aldi_supermarkets_.aspx, Accessed 23 November, 2013. Grocery.com, (2013), â€Å"Aldi Foods†, Grocery.com, Available at http://www.grocery.com/aldi-foods/, Accessed 27 November, 2013. Mack, S, (2013), â€Å"Social Factors Affecting Retail Business†, Small Business Chron, Available at http://smallbusiness.chron.com/social-factors-affecting-retail-business-71662.html, Accessed 23 November, 2013. PWC, (2013), â€Å"Industry Issues†, PWC, Available at http://www.pwc.co.uk/retail-consumer/issues/retail-and-consumer-ind ustry-issues.jhtml, Accessed 22 November, 2013. Osborne, H., (2012), â€Å"The Aldi Experience: Supermarket shopping with a difference†, The Guardian, Available at http://www.theguardian.com/money/blog/2012/oct/08/aldi-supermarket-shopping-difference, Accessed 25 November, 2013. Reportlinker, (2013), â€Å"Aldi Inc. – Strategic SWOT Analysis Review†, Report Linker, Available at http://www.reportlinker.com/p0500369-summary/Aldi-Inc-Strategic-SWOT-Analysis-Review.html, Accessed 29 November, 2013. Reuters (2013), â€Å"Research and

Serian Synogoges essays

Serian Synogoges essays Architecture plays a very important role in a culture, and from its remains, historians can gain a wealth of information. It determines the wealth of the community, the weather conditions and many other things. Not only can historians learn what it was like in that area at that time, but also they can learn from it to improve our area now. For example, the Romans built curved roads and sewers to prevent flooding and currently we also build our roads similarly. Another example can be the columns the Greeks used to build; now the White house and many other buildings are built in a Greek style. In fact, the entire Washington D.C. is built just like Paris; it is built in a circle around the White House, as Paris is built around the Eiffel Tower. Architecture and the arts have such power over people that Jews are thought to have horns because of a misinterpretation by Leonardo Divenchi, who portrayed Moses with horns. Now well take a look at architecture from a religious point of view. During the late Fifteenth century, refugees from Spain escaped to Muslim countries, mainly the Ottoman Empire. With them they brought the Sephardic traditions and culture and it quickly spread throughout the Mediterranean region. The Sephardic tradition eventually dominated the Syrian synagogue design and its architecture. Today, this beautiful architecture still remains in the Syrian community in Brooklyn. During the Ottoman period, the basilica form was popular. The Syrian synagogue usually had a wide central aisle and two side aisles. Arcades supported by columns separate it. Different parts of the room would be elevated, especially the tevah for illumination purposes. Many of the synagogues of Syria were very decorative; even the mandatory utensils of the synagogue, such as the lightbox, which was used to give off light to read the torah, would be very fancy. ...

Turabian Principles

Turabian Principles Few styles have proven so effective as the Turabian method. In fact, Kate Turabian created a delicate blend of modern language guidelines and common sense, which has long been used for reference by academia. Replete with guidelines and instruction, the Turabian manual is your first step for solid paper writing. The Turabian Principles When Kate Turabian began writing her style manual, she wanted to provide a resource for the modern student. Clarity of instruction became as important as clarity of style. In a simple, straightforward way, she began to outline the principles of good writing. Unlike other style manuals which simply list guidelines and rules, the Turabian manual provides general guidance, as well. It guides students through their first approach towards their paper, and stays with them through the finalization of their citations. With advice for all sorts of academic papers, the Turabian manual has become a reference for writers of high school term papers and dissertations, alike. The Modernized Manual This manual has been recently revised and reissued by the University of Chicago Press. It now conforms to the stylistic guidelines set out by the Chicago Manual of Style. The new edition also includes guidance for the computer age, and students using word processors.

DISCUSSION Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

DISCUSSION - Essay Example (APA website, 2010) Principle B of the same code encourages the building of relationships of trust. Further, it is stressed as important that a portion of the psychologist’s â€Å"professional time† should be contributed for â€Å"little or no compensation or personal advantage.† (ibid. Principle B) It is true that the psychologist clarify professional roles and obligations, though. (ibid. Principle B) This may be interpreted as suggesting that the driving of someone 100 miles to a canyon is not part of the professional obligations of the psychologist. While this may be true, a caring psychologist may argue that in considering the best interests and preferences of a client (see: ibid. Standard 3.10), this trip to the Grand Canyon would be completely justified. In addition, if the professional opinion of the psychologist is that the trip is of benefit to the wellbeing of the client, he/she is entitled to make that call. (see: ibid. Introduction and Applicability) From a personal perspective, the need to arrange and make the trip is evident – the lines between client and psychologist would not significantly be overstepped; only a superficial dependency would result; and the compassionate, caring psychologist would help the dying client to complete this one achievable wish. Sometimes it is possible to â€Å"just know† (writer’s quotation marks) something – your every instinct tells you that what you perceive is true and you want, more than anything, to act on your feelings. The question of honesty and integrity in the professional lives of psychologist is referred to no fewer than 17 times in the Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct and its general principles and standards. (APA website, 2010) Of particular note in a reaction to the scenario here – where one would be tempted to â€Å"adjust results† (writer’s quotation marks) a little to ensure continued funding of

Adapting Instructional Techniques to Meet the Needs of a Research Paper

Adapting Instructional Techniques to Meet the Needs of a Multi-Generational Classroom - Research Paper Example From this study it is clear that adding the dimension of multi-generational interaction provides educators with challenges in trying to engage learners who are at different socialization levels in relationship to work and life experience. Looking at the concept of multi-generational integration towards learning can be assessed in relationship to social constructivism as it was discussed by both Piaget and Vygotsky. Learning through inventive systems like the internet or through face-to-face interaction in group learning, students can bridge gaps and increase the knowledge of one another through integration of the advantages of their age range. Adapting Instructional Techniques to Meet the Needs of a Multi-Generational Classroom Introduction The economic conditions are such that an increasing number of adults are returning to the classroom in order to further their education so that they can enter a first career or find a second career as their own has become a victim of economic hard times. Between 1970 and 2004 there was a 101% increase in the number of students attending college. According to the paper the advantages of age provides for a series of different perspectives to be brought into the condition of the classroom. The different generations will have sometimes conflicting perspectives on world events, the idealism of the very young tempered by the practicality of those who may be in their thirties. Even a short span of five years differences will have a very different perspective than the teenager fresh from high school. Work experience, the experience of paying bills, and the cognition of how world events evolve from one to the next as it is seen from more experienced eyes will all affect the learning capacity of the individual as they contemplate the information that they are receiving. The instructor will experience a series of challenges as they approach teaching in a multi-generational classroom.  

Business Law and ethics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Business Law and ethics - Assignment Example Carbon emissions are dangerous and therefore undesirable in the country. Companies that put this factor into consideration set de facto standards and, therefore, have a competitive advantage. The paper will examine how the effects of climate change on automobile  will affect their overall performance in the  industry. This may call for adoption of new technology that is both low cost and will ensure high quality of products. Carbon constraints determine the convectional value drivers within the industry that will significantly create challenges for senior managers. Carbon constraints interact well with established efforts to improve fuel economy that will eventually drive prices up. This implies that climate change will have differential impacts on company’s financial performance by creating a distinction between those companies that will ultimately be exposed to these risks. The traditional business model, which is based on tradition measures of demand and supply that affect tangible measures like sales volume, pricing, margins and profitability, and intangible measures like brand recognition, innovation and quality, will be affected. Management’s concern will be  to conduct business operations with  alignment of strategic missions in a world faced with declining profits, tighter policies and shorter product life spans. Companies will be forced to adopt a carbon-friendly technology to reduce carbon emissions as this will  have the potential to alter long-term competitive balance within the industry. However, the biggest challenge is to determine which technologies will be accepted by the markets standards. An example of technology utilized in the automotive industry is the incremental technology which will offer opportunities for the fuel economy. Companies will also be forced to adopt a merger strategy of partnering will others which an ai m of reducing costs. New entrants into the market will face high overhead costs compared to those already in

Treatment of Down Syndrome using Haloperidol

Treatment of Down Syndrome using Haloperidol CLINICAL RESEARCH FACILITY APPLICATION Q1 Details of Main Contact: Title Name: Haloperidol in Down Syndrome and Sivaram Kumar Sivalingam Pandiyarajan Q2 Study title Treatment of Down Syndrome using Haloperidol Q3 Please provide an abstract or brief synopsis of the proposed study (Max 250 words). Haloperidol is an antipsychotic drug which exhibits high affinity towards dopamine D2 receptor antagonism. It also shows a slow receptor dissociation kinetics which is similar to phenothiazines. The drug is used in the treatment of schizophrenia were polymorphisms in the dopamine receptor genes showed the presence of psychotic phenomena or aggressive behavior. Down syndrome (DS) increases the risk of Alzheimers disease (AD) by 15% for the people who live 40 years are long. Problems related to behavior are not a general issue as in other syndromes associated with intellectual disability. 30% of children with DS have a mental illness. Anxiety and depression in early adulthood may develop for the people with DS. Studies indicate that polymorphisms in dopamine receptor D1 (DRD1) and dopamine receptor D3 (DRD3) genes in late-onset AD exhibit symptoms of psychotic phenomena or aggressive behavior in people. Haloperidol suppresses the ionic imbalance by blocking the beta-amyloid-induced ele vation of calcium in Alzheimer cells which showed a significant decrease in calcium cells. Studies also indicate that the symptoms of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in DS also showed the effects of executive function in children with DS about the dopamine receptor DRD4 gene linked to ADHD in people with DS. Hence, it is hypothesized that haloperidol can be used in the treatment of Down syndrome. Indicate your Word Count (Max 250 words). 215 Q4 Please outline what question(s) the study is designed to answer/primary measure of outcome (Max 150 words). The primary outcome of the study is to reduce the relapse of patients into psychosis due to down syndrome (DS). Reduction of relapse in DS due to psychotic breakdown which occurs similarly as in schizophrenia which indicates the activity of haloperidol in the prevention of diseases prognosis. During the study, details for questions such as the how the effect of haloperidol action on dopamine receptors reduce disease prognosis of DS, What is the mechanism of action of haloperidol in the treatment of DS?, Does haloperidol prevents the prognosis of DS by intervening the mechanism involved in Alzheimers disease (AD) or Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?, Etc. Indicate your Word Count (Max 150 words). 105 Q5 Indicate clearly how you will perform the study (include methods, materials, number of patients, demographics, statistics and all other matter that you consider important) (Max 1500 words). Haloperidol is an ethically approved drug which is already on the market and used for the treatment of schizophrenia, acute psychosis, Tourette syndrome, bipolar disorder, etc. Since haloperidol is ethically approved direct administration of the drug to the patients who have down syndrome (DS) can be performed, and observation study can be conducted. Human materials such as primary cell culture and organotrophic culture from a patient are required for the detailed understanding of the mechanism of action involved in the treatment of DS using Haloperidol. The mechanism of action should be compared with the Alzheimers disease (AD) and Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) to analyze the effect on DS. Researchers have estimated that out of 1200 people one will suffer from DS in the United States this includes children, teens, and adults. Children with DS usually do not have mental retardation and a psychiatric disorder. 18% to 38% of children with DS currently have a possibili ty for the prevalence of the neurobehavioral and psychiatric disorder. During one of the research studies conducted regarding DS, determined that a pre-pubertal onset be found for children with DS presenting in the post-pubertal period which is the unique vulnerability period for specific psychiatric disorders. The Study Design is performed by randomized allocation where a parallel interventional model of drug assignment is proposed. The subject, investigator and outcome assessor are masked from the drug and placebo treatment using a double-blind method to achieve high efficiency and less interference. The primary purpose remained to be the treatment of the disease. The inclusion and exclusion criteria for the participants for involving the study was neglected of age (18 to 64 years) and sex (Male, Female, and others) as a criterion. In the inclusion criteria, the patient should be primarily diagnosed with DS and should be hospitalized with Standard Trisomy 21, Translocation, and Mosaicism DS. The patient should have been diagnosed with the illness for at least one year and should have gone psychological evaluations. At the most, the patient should be able to drop off of any antipsychotic medication for a period. There are two phases in the study of Haloperidol on DS. The DS outpatients who meet criteria for inclusion and exclusion is allowed to enter the Phase 1. A flexible dose of Haloperidol 1-5mg is given to the patients for 20 weeks of open acute treatment phase 1. An oral dose of 1 mg of Haloperidol is given daily, where the dose is titrated until the optimal dose is reached with an increase of 1 mg per titration. The optimal dose is fixed based on the optimal trade-off between side effects and efficacy. Phase 1 looks for patients who meet the criteria for clinical response and another exit the protocol and are treated with alternative medications openly. The patients who responded well in phase 1 are taken into Phase 2, where the random assignment of placebo-controlled continuation trial takes place for 24 weeks. Based on the severity and presence of psychosis the randomization is stratified where half of the patients takes haloperidol, and other patients receive a placebo. The Patient s who relapse with psychosis during Phase B will exit the protocol and receive extensive treatment. To attain the statistical significance and to achieve a normal distribution the alpha value is set as 0.1 and small minimum sample size of 99 participants is required to pilot this study. Repeated measures ANOVA is to be conducted at three major time-points in the week 10, week 20 and baseline. This analytic strategy is to be used to measures the efficacy as well as side effects, global cognition, and activities of daily living. Indicate your Word Count (Max 1500 words). 603 Q6 Indicate clearly the need to work with human materials for this research in terms of ethical approvals (Max 200 words). Haloperidol is an ethically approved drug which is already on the market and used for the treatment of schizophrenia, acute psychosis, Tourette syndrome, bipolar disorder, etc. Researchers have estimated that out of 1200 people one will suffer from Down syndrome in the United States this includes children, teens, and adults. Hence, the need of drug for the treatment of down syndrome (DS) is raising. Since haloperidol is ethically approved direct administration of the drug to the patients who have DS can be performed, and observation study can be conducted. The study requires less attention of rules and guidelines for ethical issues. Since there is no proper animal model for DS and obtaining, culturing, and preservation of primary cell culture and organotrophic culture from patients with DS is tough. Hence the need for human clinical trials is necessary for testing the drug haloperidol for the treatment of DS. Indicate your Word Count (Max 200 words). 147

Psycho :: essays research papers

1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Watching the shower scene with and without music helped me to understand Hitchcock’s use of music throughout the film. Hitchcock used the high-pitched music during the scenes that were intended to have a high-tension effect. For example, when Marion was stealing the money, talking to the cop, and driving especially. The movie would probably get boring if we were just watching her driving and driving and driving. By adding the high-pitched music, Hitchcock created tension and suspense. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In my opinion Marion Crane is innately a good person. Although she stole the money, I think she did it mostly out of desire to help her boyfriend and to get out and away from her home and live with her boyfriend. It is obvious throughout the movie that Marion knows that stealing the money was a bad idea, she was extremely paranoid, she was obviously not used to doing anything considered â€Å"bad† or illegal considering the way she acted towards the cop, and in the end I think that if she were really a bad person the killer would have not been identified. Before she was murdered she was planning on returning to Phoenix, which she knew was the right thing to do. If Marion’s sister hadn’t gone looking for her, no one would have known she was even murdered. I think that since she was innately a good person, that that is the reason the murder was pieced together and solved in the end. 4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I think this was a good film to show in this class. It showed us a lot about techniques to create suspense, and it helped show us how different horror movies were when they first started out. I thought it was funny that they could use chocolate syrup as blood since it was in black and white. Black and white movies must be a lot cheaper to make even when not considering color price. The censorship was so different when this movie was made. Most of us I think were stunned that they didn’t actually show the murders (being stabbed), and couldn’t even show Marion’s butt in the shower. I’m personally a wuss when it comes to horror movies, and I thought I’d be scared of Psycho just because I normally would be. But I realized that after watching this movie that I’m more afraid of the blood and the music than anything else. A friend and I used to watch scary movies sometimes during sleepovers and we’d always hit the Mute b utton every time we got really scared, because we realized a lot of what causes us to be scared is the suspense that the music in a movie builds.